Clindamycin
Clindamycin is a semisynthetic lincosamide anti-biotic.
Clindamycin holds with bacterial cell and blocks proteins features of delicate harmful bacteria, thereby making bacteria to lose their duplication ability. In other words, clindamycin has a bacteriostatic impact. In high levels and for highly delicate harmful bacteria, clindamycin may display bactericidal impact, that is, it can directly cause the death of bacteria.
Indications
Bacterial attacks of the upper breathing tract: pharyngitis, tonsillitis, sinus problems, otitis media.
Bacterial attacks of the breathing system: respiratory disease, pneumonia, which includes lung abscess desire, and erysipelas.
Bacterial attacks of the bone and joint: osteomyelitis and septic arthritis.
Purulent attacks of the epidermis and soft tissue: acne, comes, cellulitis, impetigo, whitlow, contaminated injuries, infections, erysipelas.
Gynecologic microbe infections: endometritis, adnexitis, infections of the fallopian pipes and sex gland, salpingitis, vaginosis.
Intra-abdominal infections: peritonitis, stomach infections.
Bacterial attacks of the mouth: gum abscess.
Toxoplasma encephalitis.
Chloroquine-resistant exotic malaria.
Pneumocystis pneumonia.
Sepsis.
Bacterial endocarditis.
Scarlet high temperature.
Diphtheria.
Clindamycin side effects with wide spread application
(tablets, intramuscular hypodermic injection, medication injection):
Cardio-vascular system: arterial hypotension, failure (sudden fall in blood vessels pressure).
Hematopoietic system: temporary neutropenia and eosinophilia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia.
Digestive system: stomach dysbiosis, stomach discomfort, nausea or nausea, nausea, diarrhoea, jaundice, affected liver organ operate, metal flavor in the mouth area (intravenous).
Allergic reactions: epidermis allergy, cities, itchiness, allergy on the mouth area.
Other reactions: stomach dysbiosis, growth of superinfection (secondary disease that happened after a main disease that was not absolutely eradicated), sickliness, induration, abscess – at the intramuscular hypodermic injection website, thrombophlebitis – if the medication is intravenously treated, polyarthritis Cardio-vascular system: arterial hypotension, failure (sudden fall in blood vessels pressure).
Hematopoietic system: temporary neutropenia and eosinophilia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia.
Digestive system: stomach dysbiosis, stomach discomfort, nausea or nausea, nausea, diarrhoea, jaundice, affected liver organ operate, metal flavor in the mouth area (intravenous).
Allergic reactions: epidermis allergy, cities, itchiness, allergy on the mouth area.
Other reactions: stomach dysbiosis, growth of superinfection (secondary disease happening after a main disease that was not absolutely eradicated), sickliness, induration, abscess – at the website of intramuscular hypodermic injection, thrombophlebitis – if the medication is intravenously treated, polyarthritis.
Serious part effects
Very rare but life-threatening side effects of Clindamycin:
Neuromuscular transmission disorder.
Heart failure if the medication is intravenously treated rapidly
Pseudomembranous colitis that produces due to dysbiosis after anti-biotic therapy and growth of clostridium harmful bacteria in the bowel.
Toxic skin necrolysis (Lyell’s syndrome) – severe hypersensitive dermatitis
Anaphylaxis
Clindamycin side effects with intravaginal injection
Urogenital program disorders: discomfort of the vulva, vulvovaginitis, genital discomfort, genital release, monthly problems, uterine blood loss, urinating conditions, duplication of fungus plants (candida), addition of additional disease and swelling of the vaginal canal, pyelonephritis, oliguria (sharp decrease in the outcome of pee per day).
Nervous program disorders: wooziness, frustration.
Gastrointestinal disorders: heartburn, nausea or nausea, nausea, diarrhea/constipation, stomach ache, bad breath, discomfort in the stomach.
Others: dysgeusia, nose blood loss, back problems, high temperature.
Allergic reactions: epidermis allergy, cities, itchiness.
Clindamycin side effects with external management (gel)
Dryness and discomfort of the epidermis (at the website of application), get in touch with dermatitis, burning feeling in the eyes, swelling of hair roots and development of abscesses; improved production of skin sebaceous glands. Under wide spread intake (when used on a large area of the body surface), there is the chance of wide spread side effects occ.
Laboratory abnormalities:
Azotemia (increase in blood vessels nitrogen-containing substances, such as urea, the crystals, creatinine, etc.)
Increased blood vessels bilirubin
Glycosuria (glucose in the urine)
Proteinuria (protein in urine)
Clindamycin side effects during maternity and breast-feeding
There are no adequate and well-controlled research in expectant mothers. In animal research, no teratogenic results on the unborn infant were revealed. Clindamycin permeates the placenta and can concentrate in the baby liver organ, but problems in people have not been revealed. Consequently, research have not shown whether therapy of microbe vaginosis disease decreases the chance of adverse maternity outcomes such as early crack of walls, and early start of labor.
FDA category of the medication results on the unborn infant – Category B.
Caution should be worked out when used during breast-feeding (it is unidentified whether clindamycin comes touching breasts dairy after external and intravaginal management. However, the medication is found in breasts dairy after oral or parenteral administration).
Clindamycin side effects in children
In kids under 16 decades of age, Clindamycin causes side effects similar as in adults. The safety and effectiveness of external program of clindamycin gel in kids under 12 decades of age are unidentified.
Clindamycin side effects in the elderly
In the seniors, side effects occur more frequently, especially dysbiosis and following pseudomembranous colitis. The condition of seniors patients should be carefully supervised when taking clindamycin, and one remember that diarrhoea is the first sign of a possible start of pseudomembranous colitis.
Overdose of clindamycin
An over dose of clindamycin declines one or more of the above-mentioned side effects.
Warnings and recommendations
Clindamycin is mismatched with solutions containing vitamin B complex, aminoglycosides, ampicillin, phenytoin, barbiturates, aminophylline, calcium gluconate and magnesium sulfate, erythromycin.
Clindamycin and alcohol
It is recommended to absolutely give up booze during therapy with clindamycin.
